60-Second Civics

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60-Second Civics: Episode 98, The Judeo-Christian tradition, Part 2
Today we discuss how the Christian view of the individual influenced the Founders.


60-Second Civics: Episode 97, The Judeo-Christian tradition, Part 1
Today we examine how Judeo-Christian tradition influenced the political ideas of the Founders.


60-Second Civics: Episode 96, Natural rights philosophy: Human equality
Today we examine human equality as an aspect of natural rights philosophy.


60-Second Civics: Episode 95, Natural rights philosophy: Limited government
Today we discuss limited government as an aspect of natural rights philosophy.


60-Second Civics: Episode 94, Natural rights philosophy: Popular sovereignty and government by consent
Today we discuss popular sovereignty and government by consent as aspects of natural rights philosophy.


60-Second Civics: Episode 93, Natural rights philosophy: Individual rights
On the show today, we discuss individual rights as an aspect of natural rights philosophy.


60-Second Civics: Episode 92, Natural rights philosophy: John Locke
In today's podcast, we discuss the philosophy of John Locke.


60-Second Civics: Episode 91, Natural rights philosophy: Thomas Hobbes
Today we discuss the philosophy of Thomas Hobbes.


60-Second Civics: Episode 90, Natural rights philosophy: Influence on Founders
On today's episode, we examine the values from natural rights philosophy that influenced the founding generation.


60-Second Civics: Episode 89, Natural rights philosophy
On the show today, natural rights philosophy and the state of nature.


60-Second Civics: Episode 88, Divine right
In today's podcast, we discuss the role of philosophy in government and examine the divine right of kings.


60-Second Civics: Episode 87, Moral education, Part 2
Today we examine moral education in colonial America.


60-Second Civics: Episode 86, Moral education, Part 1
On today's episode we discuss moral education as an aspect of classical republicanism.


60-Second Civics: Episode 85, Cincinnatus and Washington as examples of civic virtue
On today's show: Cincinnatus and Washington as examples of civic virtue.


60-Second Civics: Episode 84, Citizenship and civic virtue in classical republicanism
In today's podcast, we learn about citizenship and civic virtue in classical republicanism.


60-Second Civics: Episode 83, Small communities in classical republicanism
Today we examine small, uniform communities as an influential aspect of classical republicanism.


60-Second Civics: Episode 82, Classical republicanism and the common good
Today's podcast examines the devotion of citizens to the common good as a central feature of classical republicanism.


60-Second Civics: Episode 81, The Roman Republic as example and warning
On the show today we discuss how the history of the Roman Republic was both an example and a warning to America's founding generation.


60-Second Civics: Episode 80, Influence of the Roman Republic
On the podcast today: the influence of the Roman Republic.


60-Second Civics: Episode 79, A problem of constitutional government
Today we discuss the central problem of constitutional governments.


60-Second Civics: Episode 78, Constitution as higher law
In today's episode, we discuss how a constitution acts as a higher law.


60-Second Civics: Episode 77, Constitutionalism: Limited government
We compare limited and unlimited government in today's episode.


60-Second Civics: Episode 76, Constitutionalism: Written vs. unwritten constitutions
In today's episode, we examine written and unwritten constitutions.


60-Second Civics: Episode 75, Constitutionalism: Defining constitution
On today's podcast, a definition of the meaning of the term "constitution."


60-Second Civics: Episode 74, The Founders choose republican government
Today we discuss why the Founders preferred republican government.


60-Second Civics: Episode 73, Republican government
On today's podcast, we discuss republican government.


60-Second Civics: Episode 72, Mixed constitutions: The English system
In today's episode, we discuss the English system as an example of a mixed constitution.


60-Second Civics: Episode 71, Mixed constitutions: Polybius and Cicero
Today we discuss how the idea of a mixed constitution became a part of republicanism.


60-Second Civics: Episode 70, Aristotle: Mixed constitutions
In today's podcast, we examine Aristotle's ideas about mixed constitutions.


60-Second Civics: Episode 69, Aristotle: Democracy
Today we discuss Aristotle's description of democracy as an example of a corrupt form of government.


60-Second Civics: Episode 68, Aristotle: Polity
Today we discuss Aristotle's conception of the polity as a right form of government.


60-Second Civics: Episode 67, Aristotle: The forms of government
Today we examine Aristotle's concept of the forms of government.


60-Second Civics: Episode 66, Aristotle: Three functions of the state
In today's episode, we explore Aristotle's notion of the three functions of the state.


60-Second Civics: Episode 65, Two lessons about government
Today we learn about the two important lessons the Founders learned about government from their study of history and philosophy.


60-Second Civics: Episode 65, Two lessons about government
Today we learn about the two important lessons the Founders learned about government from their study of history and philosophy.


60-Second Civics: Episode 64, Lessons from British and American history
In today's podcast, we examine the lessons the Founders drew from British history and from American colonial history.


60-Second Civics: Episode 63, Greeks, Romans, and natural rights
In today's episode, we learn about the lessons the Founders drew from Greek and Roman political history, and from natural rights philosophy.


60-Second Civics: Episode 62, Influences on the Founders
Today examine how the Founders' knowledge and experiences informed their approach to governance.


60-Second Civics: Episode 61, Philosophical and historical traditions
Today we begin our discussion of the important philosophical ideas and historical events that influenced the writing of the Constitution.


60-Second Civics: Episode 60, National Conference of State Legislatures
Today we conclude our discussion of American federalism by learning about the National Conference of State Legislatures.


60-Second Civics: Episode 59, Referendum and recall
In today's episode, we examine how referendum and recall works in the states.


60-Second Civics: Episode 58, Initiatives
Today we learn how the initiative process is conducted in the states.


60-Second Civics: Episode 57, States as laboratories of democracy
In today's episode, we discuss how the states act as testing grounds for democracy.


60-Second Civics: Episode 56, Grants-in-aid: Education policy
Today we discuss federal grants-in-aid and education policy.


60-Second Civics: Episode 55, Grants-in-aid: Growing influence
Today we discuss the growing influence of federal grants-in-aid.


60-Second Civics: Episode 54, Grants-in-aid: The Great Depression
In today's episode, we discuss how grants-in-aid came to be used during the Great Depression.


60-Second Civics: Episode 53, Grants-in-aid
In today's episode, we discuss how grant-in-aid programs have affected American federalism.


60-Second Civics: Episode 52, Regulation of drugs
Today we learn how the Supreme Court reasserted the power of Congress to regulate the interstate market in drugs.


60-Second Civics: Episode 51, Regulation of commerce
In today's episode, we discuss the conflict between Congress and the states over regulation of commerce.


60-Second Civics: Episode 50, Federalism in practice
Today we begin our discussion of how American federalism works in practice.


60-Second Civics: Episode 49, State constitutional amendments
Today we learn about state constitutional amendments.


60-Second Civics: Episode 48, Changing state constitutions
In today's episode, we examine how state constitutions have changed over the years.


60-Second Civics: Episode 47, 60-Second Civics: Episode 47, Special districts
Today we discuss special districts.


60-Second Civics: Episode 46, Title: 60-Second Civics: Episode 46, Municipalities
In today's episode, we discuss municipalities.


60-Second Civics: Episode 45, 60-Second Civics: Episode 45, Local governments
Today we discuss the creation of local governments.


60-Second Civics: Episode 44, 60-Second Civics: Episode 44, Judicial branch of state government
In today's episode, we discuss the judicial branch of state government.


60-Second Civics: Episode 43, 60-Second Civics: Episode 43, Executive branch of state government
We examine the executive branch of state government in today's episode.


60-Second Civics: Episode 42, 60-Second Civics: Episode 42, State legislatures
Today we discuss the legislative branch of state government.


60-Second Civics: Episode 41, 60-Second Civics: Episode 41, State constitutions
In today's episode, we discuss state constitutions and bills of rights.


60-Second Civics: Episode 40, 60-Second Civics: Episode 40, Supremacy of federal law
In today's podcast, we discuss the supremacy of federal law.


60-Second Civics: Episode 39, 60-Second Civics: Episode 39, State governing powers
In today's episode, we discuss governing powers left to the states by the Constitution.


60-Second Civics: Episode 38, 60-Second Civics: Episode 38, Constitution prohibits certain state
Today we discuss state governing powers prohibited by the Constitution.


60-Second Civics: Episode 37, 60-Second Civics: Episode 37, States and the federal government
In today's podcast, we discuss the discuss the role of states in the national government.


60-Second Civics: Episode 36, 60-Second Civics: Episode 36, Role of states in the federal system
Today we discuss the history of the role of states in the American system.


60-Second Civics: Episode 35, Title: 60-Second Civics: Episode 35, Federalism
In today's episode, we begin our discussion of the American system of federalism.


60-Second Civics: Episode 34, 60-Second Civics: Episode 34, Questions and closing statements during congressional hearings
Today we conclude our discussion of congressional hearings by examining the questioning of witnesses and closing statements.


60-Second Civics: Episode 33, 60-Second Civics: Episode 33, Witness procedures during congressional hearings
Today we discuss witness procedures and strategies during congressional hearings.


60-Second Civics: Episode 32, 60-Second Civics: Episode 32, Opening statements in congressional hearings
Today we learn about the role of opening statements in congressional hearings.


60-Second Civics: Episode 31, 60-Second Civics: Episode 31, Witness testimony in congressional hearings
Today we learn about written and spoken testimony by witnesses in congressional hearings.


60-Second Civics: Episode 30, 60-Second Civics: Episode 30, Congressional hearing witnesses
Today we learn about the role of witnesses in a congressional hearing.


60-Second Civics: Episode 29, 60-Second Civics: Episode 29, An overview of congressional hearings
Today we outline the six steps of a congressional hearing.


60-Second Civics: Episode 28, 60-Second Civics: Episode 28, Congressional hearings, Part 1
Today we discuss congressional hearings, an essential part of the process of appointing a Supreme Court nominee.


60-Second Civics: Episode 27, 60-Second Civics: Episode 27, Congress and the power of the Supreme Court
Today we discuss the ability of Congress to check the power of the Supreme Court.


60-Second Civics: Episode 26, 60-Second Civics: Episode 26, Executive enforcement of Supreme Court decisions
Today we discuss executive enforcement of Supreme Court decisions as a check on the power of the Court.


60-Second Civics: Episode 25, 60-Second Civics: Episode 25, Presidential appointments and the Supreme Court
Today we discuss presidential appointments as a check on the power of the Supreme Court.


60-Second Civics: Episode 24, Title: 60-Second Civics: Episode 24, Self-imposed limits on the Supreme Court
Today we discuss self-imposed limits, one of several checks on the power of the Supreme Court.


60-Second Civics: Episode 23, 60-Second Civics: Episode 23, Constitutional interpretation: instrumentalism
Today we examine instrumentalism, the final of four common methods of constitutional interpretation.


60-Second Civics: Episode 22, 60-Second Civics: Episode 22, Constitutional interpretation: fundamental principles
Today we examine fundamental principles, the third of four common methods of constitutional interpretation.


60-Second Civics: Episode 21, 60-Second Civics: Episode 21, Constitutional interpretation: original intent
Today we examine original intent, the second of four common methods of constitutional interpretation.


60-Second Civics: Episode 20, Constitutional interpretation: textualism
Today we examine textualism, the first of four common methods of constitutional interpretation.


60-Second Civics: Episode 20, 60-Second Civics: Episode 200, Legislative supremacy, Part 2
On today's podcast, we discuss the reasons for states' confidence in legislative supremacy.


60-Second Civics: Episode 19, 60-Second Civics: Episode 19, Written opinions
Today we explain the Supreme Court's practice of issuing written opinions


60-Second Civics: Episode 18, 60-Second Civics: Episode 18, Declining Supreme Court caseload
Today we examine how the number of cases the Supreme Court decides has changed in recent years.


60-Second Civics: Episode 17, 60-Second Civics: Episode 17, Writs of certiorari
Today we discuss how the Supreme Court decides to hear a case.


60-Second Civics: Episode 16, 60-Second Civics: Episode 16, Appellate jurisdiction
Today we examine the Supreme Court's appellate jurisdiction.


60-Second Civics: Episode 15, 60-Second Civics: Episode 15, Original jurisdiction
Today we examine discuss the Supreme Court's original jurisdiction.


60-Second Civics: Episode 14, 60-Second Civics: Episode 14, Role of the Supreme Court
Today we examine the role of the Supreme Court in the American constitutional system.


60-Second Civics: Episode 13, 60-Second Civics: Episode13, Arguments against judicial review
Today we examine some of the arguments against judicial review.


60-Second Civics: Episode 12, 60-Second Civics: Episode12, Arguments in favor of judicial review
Today we discuss Chief Justice John Marshall's arguments in favor of judicial review in the 1803 case of Marbury v. Madison.


60-Second Civics: Episode 11, 60-Second Civics: Episode11, The origins of judicial review
Today we discuss the origins of judicial review.


60-Second Civics: Episode 10, 60-Second Civics: Episode10, Judicial review
Today we examine the power of judicial review.


60-Second Civics: Episode 9, 60-Second Civics: Episode 9, Characteristics of the federal judiciary
Today we examine some of the characteristics of the federal judiciary.


60-Second Civics: Episode 8, 60-Second Civics: Episode 8, The creation of the judicial branch
To provide context to the upcoming Supreme Court confirmation hearings for nominee Sonia Sotomayor, over the next few weeks 60-Second Civics will be examining the judicial branch of the United States government.


60-Second Civics: Episode 7, George Washington and slavery
Today we discuss how George Washington reconciled being a slaveholder with his leadership of a nation dedicated to freedom for all.


60-Second Civics: Episode 6, 60-Second Civics: Episode 1, What is 60-Second Civics?
In this episode, host Kaci Patterson introduces 60-Second Civics, the Center for Civic Education's new daily podcast about civics and government.


60-Second Civics: Episode 5, 60-Second Civics: Episode 5, George Washington and executive branch authority
Today we discuss how George Washington's actions established the authority of the presidency.


60-Second Civics: Episode 4, 60-Second Civics: Episode 4, George Washington and the executive branch
Today we discuss how George Washington's administration shaped the executive branch.


60-Second Civics: Episode 3, George Washington and ratification of the Constitution
Today we discuss George Washington's role during the Constitutional Convention and the debates over ratification.

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